WoR⁺ Ontology: Modeling Data and Services in Web Connected Environments

The Web of Things (WoT) is a set of standards established by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) to enable interoperability across various Internet of Things (IoT) platforms. These standards facilitate seamless device-to-device interactions and application-to-application communication across heterogeneous environments. To identify and utilize resources, whether data or services, offered by Web-connected devices and applications, these resources must be described using an open, shared, and dynamic knowledge representation capable of supporting both syntactic and semantic interoperability. In this paper, we present WoR⁺, a Web of Resources ontology based on a modular and unified vocabulary for describing Web resources (Web services and Web data). WoR⁺ offers several advantages: (a) it supports the discovery, selection, and composition of data and services provided by Web-connected devices and applications; (b) it provides reasoning capabilities for inferring new knowledge; and (c) it supports extensibility and adaptability to emerging domain requirements. Experimental evaluation shows that WoR⁺ ontology achieves high effectiveness, strong performance, and good clarity and consistency.