Traumatic brain injury and disorders of intracranial pressure in children

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) from falls, motor vehicle accidents, and sport-related injuries is the most frequent type of injury in children and adolescents, and is considered one of the leading causes of death and disability in pediatric age group. Although fall is the most common mechanism of TBI in children, causes differ according to the age with more non-accidental injuries (NAIs) in infants, fall among toddlers, sport injuries in school age children, and motor vehicle accidents in older children and adolescents [1-5]. TBI occurs in an estimated 80% of all pediatric trauma patients, with an incidence in children and young adults approximately 200 per 100, 000 populations. The majority is of mild type, accounting for 75% of these injuries, affecting about 700 of 100, 000 children younger than 15 years [1-3].