The role of modified Mediterranean neuroprotective diet on emotion, cognition, and depression

Industrialization and urbanization are associated with increased mental stress, increased consumption of ready-prepared Western-type foods, and sedentary, behavior leading to increased risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including neurodegenerative diseases and psychological disorders. Epidemiological studies indicate that a Western diet, lower physical activity, short sleep, and occupational or family stress can cause oxidative stress and low-grade chronic systemic inflammation. Increase in inflammation may inactivate endocannabinoid receptors 1, with a decline in anandamides, responsible for satiety and pleasures, predisposing people to depression and dementia as well as anxiety and mood disorders. Anger and happiness are important components of emotions, which are also associated with increased risk of poor emotional health, predisposing people to depression and cognitive deficit leading to NCDs. Increased intake of the modified Indo-Mediterranean neuroprotective diet may supplement greater amount of omega-3 fatty acids, arachidonic acid, and flavonoids, which may activate a neuronal circuit in the hippocampus and endocannabinoid receptors 1 in the hypothalamus and other areas, with increase in anandamides, leading to satiety and pleasure, with a decline in the disorders of depression, cognitive deficit, and emotion. Since mental health is essential for learning, productivity, and human development, it has to be restored for national development, which is crucial for the achievement of sustainable development goals of the United Nations.