Respiratory syncytial virus: an overview

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of respiratory illnesses that primarily affects children, particularly those under 2 years old, and adults. RSV infections can lead to hospitalization and even mortality. The virus is transmitted through respiratory droplets spread by coughing or sneezing. We conducted an extensive literature search focused on RSV, pathogenicity and relevant keywords like 'RSV treatment,' 'RSV vaccine,"and 'RSV diagnosis' to explore effective treatment strategies, advances in potential RSV vaccines and ongoing clinical trials, and progress in diagnostic techniques for accurate and timely detection of RSV infections. These findings are crucial for developing appropriate management and control measures. Plain language summary Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a virus that causes respiratory illness. It mainly affects infants, children and older adults and is spread by coughing, sneezing and direct contact. Symptoms can be mild and cold-like or can become serious breathing problems. There is no specific treatment or vaccine against the virus. Symptoms can be managed but those who become particularly poorly may need to go to the hospital. Some people at high risk of serious illness may be able to receive preventive treatments. To prevent illness, the population should practice good hand hygiene and avoid close contact with the sick, particularly in the case of infants and young children. Graphical abstract </inline-graphic.