Pricing, budget allocation, and reimbursement of personalized medicine interventions

This chapter aims to provide an overview of the rationale and basic principles guiding the governance of personalized medicine interventions, to clarify their objectives and to define responsibilities in the pricing and reimbursement process among stakeholders in a health-care system. Particular attention is paid to issues pertaining to pricing and reimbursement policies, the availability of essential genomic tests, which differs between various countries owing to differences in disease prevalence and public health relevance, the prescribing and use of genomic testing services according to existing or new guidelines, budgetary and fiscal control, the balance between price and access to innovative testing, monitoring and evaluation for cost-effectiveness and safety, and the development of research capacity. We conclude that addressing the specific items described in this chapter will help to create a robust policy in relation to pricing and reimbursement in personalized medicine.