INHIBITION OF SILVER DIAMMINE FLUORIDE INDUCED TOOTH DISCOLORATION – A LITERATURE REVIEW

Objectives: Silver Diammine Fluoride (SDF) is a safe dental caries-preventing and arresting agent. The main downfall of SDF is the permanent black staining on tooth-treated surfaces. This study aimed to investigate the literature for methods available to alleviate SDF-induced dental staining. Materials and methods: A literature review was performed using the PubMed online database. The search employed the following keywords “silver diammine fluoride” OR “silver diammine fluoride” AND “discoloration” OR “staining.” Inclusion criteria included studies published in English, from 2015 to 2020, and studies discussing methods for reduction of SDF-induced staining. Results: The database search identified 38 publications, of which 29 articles were excluded. 8 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in this literature review. These included 6 in-vitro studies, 1 systematic review, and 1 case report. A common method of reducing SDF-induced staining among the included studies was the use of potassium iodide (KI) immediately following the SDF application. Another intervention was reported by one laboratory study using a mixture of SDF with %20 glutathione (GSH). Conclusions: The literature indicates that the commonly used method for stain reduction on SDF-treated teeth is the use of KI. The use of glutathione-SDF mixture was also proposed. Clinical significance: The use of SDF as a preventive and therapeutic aid for caries getting popular around the world. This review will help the clinician to minimize the SDF induced tooth discoloration in a best possible manner in their routine dental practice using SDF.