Impact of body mass index in malondialdehyde, antioxidant vitamins A, E, C and plasma zinc among type 2 diabetic patients

Objective: To evaluate the impact of body mass index (BMI) in malondialdehyde (MDA), antioxidant vitamins A, E, C and zinc plasma among Sudanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus Design: A cross sectional study Setting: Advanced diagnostic center for routine follow up, which is a specialized center for diabetes mellitus, in Khartoum, Sudan Subjects: Three hundred patients with type 2 diabetes were compared to 100 healthy subjects (non-diabetic) as control group. Intervention: The study group data was collected using structure questionnaire. Blood specimens were collected from both groups and plasma levels of zinc and antioxidant vitamins (A, E, C) were determined. Statistical Package for Social Science SPSS (version 13) computer software was used for data analysis. The means and standard deviations of variable were calculated and T-test was used for comparison (significant level was set at p ≤0.05). Main outcome measure(s): The relationship between BMI and serum MDA, antioxidant vitamins A, E, C and zinc. Results: A significantly strong positive correlation between BMI and plasma MDA in the test group (p = 0.001), while plasma zinc, vitamins A, and E had a significantly weak negative correlation between BMI and plasma vitamin as follows (p = 0.01, p = 0.001, p = 0.03 respectively). There is also a significantly weak negative correlation between BMI and plasma vitamin C of the test group (p = 0.1). Conclusion: A positive correlation between MDA and BMI and a moderate negative correlation with vitamins (A, E, C) and zinc were found.