Early Predictors of Quality of Life among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Southern Jordan

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is highly prevalent worldwide and especially in Jordan, presenting a significant challenge in mitigating its associated complications, thereby emphasizing the need for effective management strategies. Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate early predictors of quality of life (QOL) among patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Southern Jordan, focusing on examining the relationships and associations between diabetes self-efficacy, glycemic control, and diabetes self-care with QOL. Methodology: The study adopted a cross-sectional approach conducted within Southern Jordan, employing a convenience sampling method. Participants were chosen based on their availability and willingness to take part. The study encompassed a sample size of 204 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The study utilized the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire and the Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale to assess diabetic patients’ self-care levels and self-efficacy, respectively. Data collection spanned from 1 February to 15 May 2023. Results: Patients demonstrated suboptimal self-care and low self-efficacy. Significant positive correlations were found between QOL dimensions, self-management, and self-efficacy. Predictors for Type 2 Diabetes Miletus (T2DM) patients’ QOL were identified. For physical health, factors such as gender, comorbidities, age, occupation, location, self-care behaviors, and self-efficacy influenced QOL. Similar predictors were found for psychological, social, and environmental health dimensions, including gender, comorbidities, HbA1c levels, city of residence, marital status, and income, as well as self-care behaviors and self-efficacy. Conclusions: The study findings underscore the importance of targeted interventions to improve the QOL for individuals with T2DMin Southern Jordan.