Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) in Indonesia

This chapter provides a comprehensive exploration of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) in Indonesia, focusing on its role, significance, and integration within the healthcare system. It begins by outlining the national profile and the regulatory framework governing CAM practices, including licensing requirements for practitioners and activities. The chapter highlights the prevalence of CAM and identifies the main reasons people in Indonesia seek alternative therapies, such as accessibility, affordability, and cultural beliefs. A detailed analysis is presented on the costs associated with CAM services, alongside the attitudes, knowledge, and practices of different stakeholder groups, including the general public, healthcare professionals, and students from medical and health sciences programs. The chapter explores a variety of CAM modalities common in Indonesia, such as herbal medicine, nutraceuticals, and other traditional practices, shedding light on their widespread use. It emphasizes the achievements and challenges in the education, training, and practice of CAM, along with recommendations for future improvements. Additionally, the chapter explores the role of online education, practice, and research, noting both accomplishments and barriers in these areas. Furthermore, the chapter discusses the importance of integrating CAM into the national healthcare system, highlighting efforts made so far and providing strategic recommendations for enhanced integration. Educational resources targeted at healthcare professionals, students, and the public are evaluated, suggesting ways to improve awareness and training. The chapter concludes with insights into ongoing and future CAM research in Indonesia, offering guidance on addressing current gaps and fostering innovation in this field.