Assessment of proton pump inhibitors utilization in intensive care units patients of a tertiary care hospital in the United ArEmirates

Background: PPI prescriptions have consistently increased in hospitals and ambulatory care facilities. Because PPIs are widely used, readily available, highly effective, and heavily marketed, they are susceptible to over-prescription and misuse. This study aims to assess the PPI utilization pattern and prescribing appropriateness in terms of indication, dose, and route of administration in the ICU setting. Methods: A retrospective, cohort study performed from October 2020-October 2022 in a tertiary care hospital in the UAE. All patients received a proton pump inhibitor in the ICU. Results: Only 20.3% had an appropriate indication for prophylaxis and matched either of the 1 major criteria of SUP or at least 2 minor criteria. The highest percentage of patients (66.2%) were receiving inappropriate prophylaxis therapy. Pantoprazole was the most commonly prescribed PPI followed by Esomeprazole and Lansoprazole. PPI dose was appropriate in 66.9% of the patients and PPI route of administration was appropriate in 87.8% of the patients. Total PPI appropriateness was achieved in only 17.6% of the patients. Patients with moderate GI bleeding risk and who are non-smokers are more likely to have total PPI inappropriateness. Conclusion: This study identified a significant number of inappropriate prescriptions of PPIs for critically ill patients, not in accordance with clinical guidelines. These findings underscore the necessity for educational interventions aimed at physicians to promote more rational prescribing practices.